Open
7/20/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Antonio Martinez tops tobacco, which is the stage of the process where the flower is removed from the plant, on Thursday, July 20, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY.  Martinez is a migrant farm worker, splitting his time bet

 Antonio Martinez tops tobacco, which is the stage of the process where the flower is removed from the plant, on Thursday, July 20, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. Antonio, Pedro Martinez, and Juan Gonzales each walk down the middle of a row, taking the flower away from the plant on their right and to their left. It takes around five minutes for to complete a single row. 

Antonio’s on the phone with his wife on the couch, laughing and smiling as she shows him pictures of a field of sunflowers back home in Mexico. He wipes away sweat from his face with a white cloth. The 100 degree Kentucky heat sneaks its way into the aluminum-sided home, a cat lays outside the front door eyeing the inside carefully every time its open, praying that one day she will be let inside with her kittens. No name, she has no name, Pedro laughs as he pours the melted ice out of his cooler on the front porch. No name jumps out the way, before slowly walking over and licking the brown puddle once we look away. But the handouts don’t include air conditioning, just scraps of leftover food.


Food that Juan is cooking on the stove, a mixture of chicken, vegetables, and tomatoes for tacos. The sun paints the window above the eyes a bright white, the Reynold’s Wrap aluminum foil wrapped tightly around the stove to keep it clean absorbing all the light and bouncing back across the dining room, hitting the can of BB pellets on the out-of-commission pool table and the trigger of the bright blue gun on the dining room.


“Just for fun, just in case,” Juan laughs, looking at the unloaded BB gun.


It’s lunchtime for Antonio Gonzales, Juan Gonzales, and Pedro Martinez, three migrant farm workers who call this bunk-house their home on the Yazel farm in Berry, Kentucky. The house sits as a vanguard to acres of tobacco, which grow, thrive, and are harvested under the gloved hands and sun-squinted eyes of the Mexican H2A workers from May to December. There are four rooms. A kitchen with all the normal appliances, a dining table, a couch, and a pool table. Signs are posted on all of the walls outlining their rights as migrant workers and rules their employers must abide by, as well as the responsibilities they have during their work here, including a stapled description of the work requirements and expectations at the Yazel farm. A notepad sits on the table with a pencil, the time sheet for the men. They write in their start and stop hours at the end of each day. Next, a bathroom with a single toilet, sink, and shower. Then a small room with a washer and a dryer, two large containers of detergent sitting on top of the dryer. And a large bedroom, with each Antonio, Pedro, and Juan getting their own piece partitioned off by curtains. Inside each curtain is a mini-bedroom: a bunk bed, a dresser, a mirror. Antonio keeps the stickers from his clothes and attaches them to the wooden bed frame. A fan on high points toward his bed, a wooden chair covered in a towel holds his medications.


Lunchtime is when Antonio, Pedro, and Juan speak with their families. While one person cooks, the other two retreat to Whatsapp video calls and text chats. Today, Antonio takes the couch, Pedro wanders outside to the barn, laying down and calling home while staring at the tobacco overhead.“Tomorrow, Antonio cooks,” Juan tells me as he shakes the sizzling vegetables on the pan, a piece flying out and landing on the white bandaging that stabilizes his wrist. Each of them do this for their family back home - the dollar is stronger than the peso and their minimum wage of $15 for 7 months supports their loved ones back in Mexico. All three of them have children, with Juan and Antonio having the youngest kids.


“It’s getting harder as they get older,” Juan tells my translator app. Juan grew up extremely poor, his father had a heart condition which led to ten years of no work. He isn’t only supporting his wife and two girls, he is also supporting his mom and dad. Kentucky wasn’t the first job for any of the three. Juan started in Tennessee, picking oranges and working in construction. Kentucky’s better than there, he says, but its hot everywhere. Overall, they are disinterested in talking about the work they do. It is a given, not better, not worse, than any other work. It is a necessity, and their time here revolves around the plants sprouting just feet away from where they lay their heads. Everyday, they work tobacco, not hating it, not loving it, solely accepting the opportunities and lives it affords their people back home. None of them smoke.


Every single tobacco plant, of which there are thousands on this land, will be touched by the trio four times from seed to harvest. Around the house are two barns where the dried tobacco leaves hang, an acrobatic stunt that requires the men to walk along the wooden framing left exposed near the ceiling. On any given day, their work might require rhythm, the removal of the tobacco flower midway through the process, a pink beacon at the top of the plant which they rip away as they walk down the aisles, left, right, left, right, five done in 10 seconds. Strength, it might be strength, the metallic spear on the end of a wooden stick they stab the plants and stack them on it like a clothesline before carrying the 10-pound sheath to the trailer where they lift it above their heads to fit on the rack, hundreds of times in a single day. The three spears versus thousands of plants. It’s a war of attrition, a skirmish everyday the sun rises in August. The score is counted in discarded plastic water bottles, and I can count over 25 just in the bed of the truck. A day might begin at 7 in the morning, it won’t end until the moon starts its reign over the sky.


The sound track is thunder, afternoon showers that seem to come everyday over the hills, they stare in anger above as Spanish radio floats out of Antonio’s pant pocket and gets covered as its waves float their way to the sky by his voice, Banda and Mariachi. I can’t make out the song, and it feels wrong to interrupt and ask. He continues to sing, a lullaby to the stabbed plants, an offering to the blackening clouds. 

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Juan Martinez drives a truck to the field to house tobacco Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio Martinez, Pedro Gonzales, and Juan Martinez are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to l

Juan Martinez drives a truck to the field to house tobacco Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY. During the housing process, Juan drives a truck with the trailer of tobacco attached each time it fills back to the barn, where he detaches the full trailer and brings an empty one back to the field.  Each trailer takes 20 to 30 minutes to fill.

Open
7/20/2023—Berry, Kentucky — From Left to Right: Juan Martinez, Pedro Gonzales, and Antonio Martinez top tobacco, which is the stage of the process where the flower is removed from the plant, on Thursday, July 20, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY.  The

From Left to Right: Juan Martinez, Pedro Gonzales, and Antonio Martinez top tobacco, which is the stage of the process where the flower is removed from the plant, on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. 

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Antonio Martinez, Pedro Gonzales, and Juan Martinez work to house tobacco Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio Martinez, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live

Wooden stakes are stacked in a barn used for housing tobacco. The workers attach metal spikes to these wooden stakes to pick up cut tobacco plants and hang the wooden stakes from the ceiling of the barn. 

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Juan Martinez works to house tobacco on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live and work on the Yazel farm for the majorit

Juan Martinez becomes a silhouette in the afternoon setting sun while housing tobacco Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. The housing process takes several days, with the men working almost 12 hours each day. 

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Antonio Martinez (back) and Pedro Gonzales (front) house tobacco Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio Martinez, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live and work

Antonio Martinez (back) and Pedro Gonzales (front) balance on wooden beams in the barn while hanging tobacco from the ceiling Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY.

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Pedro Gonzales works to house tobacco on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live and work on the Yazel farm for the majori

 Pedro Gonzales is seen from below the tobacco trailer working to house tobacco on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY. After Gonzales has placed several plants on the stake, he will walk over and hang the stake on the trailer's metal bars.

Open

From left to right: Juan Martinez, Antonio Martinez, and Pedro Gonzales eat tacos for lunch Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. The men take turns cooking, with the other two using the time to call their families back home.

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Antonio Martinez, Pedro Gonzales, and Juan Martinez work to house tobacco Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio Martinez, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live

Cut tobacco plants cover the dirt fields while Antonio Martinez and Pedro Gonzales wait for Juan Martinez to return with a new trailer to hang them on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. 

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Juan Martinez works to house tobacco on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live and work on the Yazel farm for the majorit

Juan Martinez uses a metal stake to attach cut tobacco plants to attach to the piece of wood to transport to the barn for hanging Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. 

Open
7/27/2023—Berry, Kentucky — Juan Martinez works to house tobacco on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel farm in Berry, KY.  Antonio, Pedro, and Juan are migrant farm workers, and they travel from Mexico to live and work on the Yazel farm for the majorit

 Juan Martinez carries a pair of clippers to cut tobacco plants from their stems before housing them on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. 

Open

A tobacco leaf fallen from a cut plant is buried beneath the dirt in the field during the housing stage on Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY.  

Open

Antonio Martinez (right) calls his wife back home in Mexico while Pedro Gonzales dumps his cooler's melted ice onto the porch during lunch Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY.

Open

The porch light of the bunkhouse that farm workers Antonio Martinez, Juan Martinez, and Pedro Gonzales live in while working as H2A employees is seen through a passenger window of an old church van they use to drive into town for necessities Thursday, July 27, 2023, at the Yazel Farm in Berry, KY. 

Open

Antonio Martinez sits on his bed in his partition of the bedroom within abunkhouse Thursday, July 27, 2023, on the Yazel farm in Berry, KY. Antonio and his two coworkers Juan Martinez and Pedro Gonzales split up one large room into smaller bedrooms with curtains on rods. 

Close
Using Format